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Amatus of Montecassino
Amatus of Montecassino (Amatus Casinensis), was a Benedictine monk at the Abbey of Montecassino. His ''History of the Normans'' (''L'Ystoire de li Normant'') in eight books, is one of three principle primary sources for the Norman Conquest of southern Italy, the other two being the histories of William of Apulia and Geoffrey Malaterra. Amatus describes the Normans from the perspective of his abbey, one of the most important religious and cultural centers in Italy at the time. His history is the earliest extant account of the Norman sieges of Bari and Salerno, their conquest of Sicily, and the careers of both Robert Guiscard and Richard Drengot, as well as the Gregorian Reforms seen from the papal point of view.
== Background ==
Nothing is known about Amatus before he became a bishop at the Abbey of Montecassino. He wrote primarily while Desiderius (later Pope Victor III) was abbot. Previous to the ascension of Desiderius, the relationship between Montecassino and the Normans in the area had been an antagonistic one. However, Desiderius's selection as abbot coincided with Richard Drengot's annexation of Capua, after which Richard became the protector and patron of the abbey, which heavily affected Amatus's writings. Graham Loud suggests that Amatus may have been a former bishop of Paestum, near Salerno, in the 1050s. His extremely negative treatment of Gisulf of Salerno throughout his history may indicate some previous hostilities between the two, and Gisulf is known to have been limiting church privilege around Salerno in the 1050s.
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